# hdparm -t /dev/sda5
/dev/sda5:
Timing buffered disk reads: 226 MB in 3.01 seconds = 75.07 MB/sec
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/BiO/dd_test bs=1M count=10 // Write
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 2.02858 seconds, 517 MB/s
# dd if=/dev/sda5 of=/dev/null // Read
610407+0 records in
610407+0 records out
312528384 bytes (313 MB) copied, 0.646559 seconds, 483 MB/s
# /opt/iozone/bin/iozone -Ra -g 2G -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 -b test_iozone.xls
-b : 결과를 엑셀 파일로 생성
-a : 모든 테스트를 auto 모드로 ..
-g : 테스트 시 생성할 최대 파일 크기
-i : 테스트 종료
0 : read/reread
1 : write/rewrite
2 : rendom read/write
benchmake site
http://www.passmark.com
http://cpubenchmark.net
http://www.cpu-world.com
하드디스크 속도(이론)
Sata1 => 1.5Gbps/sec = 192MB/sec(1.5*1024/8)
Sata2 => 3Gbps/sec = 384MB/sec(3*1024/8)
Sata3 => 6Gbps/sec = 768MB/sec(6*1024/8)
USB2.0 => 480MBps=60MB/sec
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속도(RPM) |
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sdf |
SATA 1(1.5 Gbit/s) |
10KRPM |
8MB |
36GB | 1장 |
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Random vs Sequential
IOPS
| Measurement | Description |
|---|---|
| Total IOPS |
Total number of I/O operations per second (when performing a mix of read and write tests) 매 초당 I/O명령(Read, Write 모두 수행)의 총 수 |
| Random Read IOPS |
Average number of random read I/O operations per second 매 초당 Random read I/O 명령의 평균 수 |
| Random Write IOPS |
Average number of random write I/O operations per second 매 초당 Random write I/O 명령의 평균 수 |
| Sequential Read IOPS |
Average number of sequential read I/O operations per second 매 초당 Sequential read I/O 명령의 평균 수 |
| Sequential Write IOPS |
Average number of sequential write I/O operations per second 매 초당 Sequential write I/O 명령의 평균 수 |
IOPS * 전송 크기 바이트 = Bytes Per Sec
Some ballpark numbers:
| Device | Type | IOPS | Interface | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7,200 rpm SATA drives |
HDD |
~75-100 IOPS |
SATA 3 Gb/s |
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| 10,000 rpm SATA drives | HDD |
~125-150 IOPS |
SATA 3 Gbit/s | |
| 10,000 rpm SAS drives | HDD |
~140 IOPS |
SAS | |
| 15,000 rpm SAS drives | HDD |
~175-210 IOPS |
SAS |
Solid State Devices
| Device | Type | IOPS | Interface | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simple SLC SSD | SSD | ~400 IOPS[citation needed] | SATA 3 Gbit/s | ||
| Intel X25-M G2 (MLC) | SSD | ~8,600 IOPS[11] | SATA 3 Gbit/s | Intel's data sheet[12] claims 6,600/8,600 IOPS (80 GB/160 GB version) and 35,000 IOPS for random 4 KB writes and reads, respectively. | |
| Intel X25-E (SLC) | SSD | ~5,000 IOPS[13] | SATA 3 Gbit/s | Intel's data sheet[14] claims 3,300 IOPS and 35,000 IOPS for writes and reads, respectively. 5,000 IOPS are measured for a mix. Intel X25-E G1 has around 3 times higher IOPS compared to the Intel X25-M G2.[15] | |
| G.Skill Phoenix Pro | SSD | ~20,000 IOPS[16] | SATA 3 Gbit/s | SandForce-1200 based SSD drives with enhanced firmware, states up to 50,000 IOPS, but benchmarking shows for this particular drive ~25,000 IOPS for random read and ~15,000 IOPS for random write.[16] | |
| OCZ Vertex 3 | SSD | Up to 60,000 IOPS[17] | SATA 6 Gbit/s | Random Write 4 KB (Aligned) | |
| Corsair Force Series GT | SSD | Up to 85,000 IOPS[18] | SATA 6 Gbit/s | 240 GB Drive, 555 MB/s sequential read & 525 MB/s sequential write, Random Write 4 KB Test (Aligned) | |
| OCZ Vertex 4 | SSD | Up to 120,000 IOPS[19] | SATA 6 Gbit/s | 256 GB Drive, 560 MB/s sequential read & 510 MB/s sequential write, Random Read 4 KB Test 90K IOPS, Random Write 4 KB Test 85K IOPS | |
| Texas Memory Systems RamSan-20 | SSD | 120,000+ Random Read/Write IOPS[20] | PCIe | Includes RAM cache | |
| Fusion-io ioDrive | SSD | 140,000 Read IOPS, 135,000 Write IOPS[21] | PCIe | ||
| Virident Systems tachIOn | SSD | 320,000 sustained READ IOPS using 4KB blocks and 200,000 sustained WRITE IOPS using 4KB blocks[22] | PCIe | ||
| OCZ RevoDrive 3 X2 | SSD | 200,000 Random Write 4K IOPS[23] | PCIe | ||
| Fusion-io ioDrive Duo | SSD | 250,000+ IOPS[24] | PCIe | ||
| Violin Memory Violin 3200 | SSD | 250,000+ Random Read/Write IOPS[25] | PCIe /FC/Infiniband/iSCSI | Flash Memory Array | |
| WHIPTAIL, ACCELA | SSD | 250,000/200,000+ Write/Read IOPS[26] | Fibre Channel, iSCSI, Infiniband/SRP, NFS, CIFS | Flash Based Storage Array | |
| DDRdrive X1, | SSD | 300,000+ (512B Random Read IOPS) and 200,000+ (512B Random Write IOPS)[27][28][29][30] | PCIe | ||
| Texas Memory Systems RamSan-720 Appliance | SSD | 400,000 4KB Random Read/Write IOPS[31] | FC / InfiniBand | ||
| OCZ Single SuperScale Z-Drive R4 PCI-Express SSD | SSD | Up to 500,000 IOPS[32] | PCIe | ||
| WHIPTAIL, INVICTA | SSD | 650,000/550,000+ Read/Write IOPS[33] | Fibre Channel, iSCSI, Infiniband/SRP, NFS | Flash Based Storage Array | |
| Violin Memory Violin 6000 | 3RU Flash Memory Array | 1,000,000+ Random Read/Write IOPS[34] | /FC/Infiniband/10Gb(iSCSI)/ PCIe | ||
| Texas Memory Systems RamSan-630 Appliance | SSD | 1,000,000+ 4KB Random Read/Write IOPS[35] | FC / InfiniBand | ||
| Fusion-io ioDrive Octal (single PCI Express card) | SSD | 1,180,000+ Random Read/Write IOPS[36] | PCIe | ||
| OCZ 2x SuperScale Z-Drive R4 PCI-Express SSD | SSD | Up to 1,200,000 IOPS[32] | PCIe | ||
| Texas Memory Systems RamSan-70 | SSD | 1,200,000 Random Read/Write IOPS[37] | PCIe | Includes RAM cache | |
| Kaminario K2 | Flash/DRAM/Hybrid SSD | Up to 1,219,973.91 SPC-1 IOPS with the K2-D (DRAM)[38][39] | FC |
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